Cultivation of Vaccinia virus

Аннотация

Monkeypox has emerged in recent years as one of the most significant zoonotic infections, posing a substantial public health challenge worldwide. Its increasing spread, together with its genetic and antigenic relatedness to other members of the Orthopoxvirus genus, underscores the critical importance of vaccinological and diagnostic studies in this field. In this context, vaccinia virus is regarded as a key model system for investigating Orthopoxviruses and serves as a fundamental platform for developing immunoprophylactic strategies. Moreover, it is extensively utilized in the design of vaccines and diagnostic assays targeting the monkeypox virus.

In the present study, the cultivation conditions of vaccinia virus were systematically investigated across different cell lines and under varying environmental parameters. The results demonstrated that the highest level of viral replication was achieved in HeLa cells. The optimal multiplicity of infection was determined to be 0.00369 TCID₅₀/cell, which ensured stable viral biological activity. Furthermore, a fetal bovine serum concentration of 2% was sufficient to support efficient viral replication, while an incubation temperature of 37°C was the most favorable condition for viral propagation.

In conclusion, the optimized parameters identified in this study provide efficient conditions for the cultivation of vaccinia virus and may be applied in further fundamental and applied research on