Alternatives to therapeutic and preventive methods for calves in the early postnatal period

Abstract

Background and Aim. Calves in the early postnatal period are highly susceptible to infec-tious diseases, particularly gastrointestinal disorders. These pathologies often result from poor zoo-hygienic management and inadequate feeding practices, which activate opportunistic microflora and lead to clinical symptoms. Conventional treatment strategies frequently rely on antibacterial agents, raising concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance in dairy farming. This study aimed to evaluate alternative therapeutic and preventive methods that reduce the need for antibiotics in calf manage-ment.

Materials and Methods. The study was conducted under practical farm conditions characterized by suboptimal microclimate and feeding practices that contributed to gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders in calves. A locally produced antibacterial drug, Timutin, was used to assess ther-apeutic efficacy. Additionally, the probiotic Vetom 3 was administered orally to evaluate its preven-tive effect on gastrointestinal diseases.

Results. Limited use of Timutin demonstrated noticeable therapeutic effectiveness in calves under unfavorable housing and feeding conditions, contributing to clinical improvement in gastroin-testinal and respiratory disorders. Preventive oral administration of the probiotic Vetom 3 showed a positive effect, supporting the formation of a stable microbiocenosis and reducing the incidence of bacterial gastrointestinal diseases accompanied by diarrheal syndrome.

Conclusion. The findings indicate that alternative therapeutic and preventive measures such as controlled use of Timutin and probiotic supplementation with Vetom 3 may effectively reduce gastrointestinal morbidity in calves while limiting reliance on antibacterial drugs. These approaches represent promising strategies for preventing antibiotic resistance in dairy farming.