QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF OILY FLAX VARIETIES OF THE CHINESE BREEDING IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE DRY STEPPE ZONE OF NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

Despite the increase in flax production in the world, including in Kazakhstan, where the sown area of flax has reached 1.5 million hectares, according to the National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the development of the fat and oil industry is at a low level, since the potential of this crop is not fully used , which refers to a global problem, and especially acute in our country. To solve this problem, scientists S. Seifullin KATU (Kazakhstan) and the Institute of Bast Fiber Crops (China) are conducting field and laboratory studies of flax varieties of Chinese selection in Northern Kazakhstan, in order to determine the possibilities of qualitative indicators of flax varieties in the presented conditions.The studies were carried out in accordance with the method of field experiments, and State Standards, in a laboratory. Based on research results 2019, 2020. the yield of flax seeds of 8 varieties ranged from 9.4 c/ha to 14 c/ha and from 11.4 c/ha to 21.7 c/ha, over the years, respectively. The highest yield of vegetable oil was obtained on the variants UF02 and Kostanay amber. The content of crude protein in flax seeds ranged from 24.59 to 31.49%. In different phases of the growing season, flax varieties differed in height, in the flowering phase, the height of plants according to the standard was 30.7 cm, and varieties of Chinese selection exceeded the height of plants by 5.3 - 28.3 cm, which determines a high yield of the stem.The research results obtained over two years are justified, despite the dryness of the years under study. The use of this crop for both fiber and seed by flax manufacturing companies can reduce costs and effectively increase the economic benefit of flax production, and research needs to be continued to get deeper results.