EMBRYO CULTURE METHOD FOR CREATING HYBRID FORMS OF PLANTS DURING A REMOTE HYBRIDIZATION OF SPRING WHEAT VARIETY WITH SPRING TRITICALE SPECIES

Abstract

The method of plants tissue, cells and organs culture in modern breeding is widely used in the production of interspecific and intergeneric hybrid forms of plants of cereals. This article presents the results of obtaining regenerated plants of wheat hybrids (Pyrotriks 28, Tselinnaya Jubilee, Karaganda 22) and spring triticale (Russia, Carmen, Norman) using embryo culture. As a result of the research, it was found that embryos of immature hybrid kernels of earlier age (12-14th day after pollination) were characterized by low responsiveness to germination under conditions of their cultivation in vitro, and embryos of later age (18-22 and 22 24 days after pollination) were characterized by a higher responsiveness to germination of the cultivation conditions. As a result of the experiments, the yield of plants from embryos of hybrid kernels on an artificial in vitro nutrient medium was: Pirotrix 28 (Tr. Aestivum) × Carmen (Triticale) (53.0%), Karaganda 22 (Tr. Aestivum) × Rossika (Triticale) (51.0 %), Tselinnaya yubileinaya (Tr. Aestivum) × Norman (Triticale) (48.0 %).