SOIL PROTECTIVE TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNICAL MEANS OF PREPARATION OF SOIL FOR CULTIVATING ULTRA EARLY VEGETABLE CROPS ON OPEN GROUND
Keywords:
horticulture,an ultra is an early harvest, agrotechnology, treatment of soil, combined aggregate, double-layer bringing of fertilizers, forming of comb, parameters of spherical disk, corner of setting, direction of motion.Abstract
Based on the analysis of the problem of the existing technology and technical means of horticulture, it is determined that they do not allow increasing the volume of production of vegetable crops in the year-round cycle, making maximum use of favorable weather conditions in the southernmost region of Kazakhstan, where the natural and climatic conditions allow the use of highly
effective agrotechnical measures for harvesting 3 times per year on the open ground. Success in the cultivation of vegetable crops is largely dependent on the timing and quality of tillage, and lastly, on the ways of carrying it out and the perfection of the design of the machines. The new soil protection technology for minimal tillage and soil preparation for the early planting of vegetable seedlings provides for the combination of technological operations such as moldboard plowing of the seedling planting zone
with simultaneous preliminary formation of the ridges, and subsurface tillage - a shallow loosening of the soil from the right and left side of moldboard plowing, subsoil tillage loosening with simultaneous local fertilization in two tiers along the line of future planting of vegetable seedlings. There is also discussion of the shortcomings of individual mechanisms of the combined unit: the identified problem is the formation of an unstable and lowheight crest and unevenness of the soil. The use of spherical discs that ensure the qualitative formation of ridges at a given speed and disk parameters is theoretically justified, mainly by changing the angle of installation of disks relative to the direction of motion.
