VARIABILITY OF MAIN TAXATIONAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF SPRUCE (PICEA DIETR.), INTRODUCED TO NORTH KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

The article describes main taxational and morphological indicators (tree height, trunk diameter at a height of 1.3 m, height to the beginning of the crown, diameter and length of the crown) in 17 taxons of the genus Spruce (Picea Dietr.). The degree of variation of the studied features was determined. The considered taxons of spruce were introduced and grown in the collection stands of KazSRIFA (Northern Kazakhstan). Age of trees is from 36 to 51 years. As a result of the conducted studies, it was found that at the time of inspection the safety of plants was from 6 to 94.7%. Of all studied taxons, significant degradation in growth was detected in the Schrenk spruce ( height -1.9 m and diameter at a height of 1.3 m - 1.6 сm). The best taxation indicators were found out for Siberian spruce (height 19.1 m, diameter at a height of 1.3 m - 26.3 cm). The established average level of variability in height (CV - 12.7%) and increased in diameter of the trunk at a height of 1.3 m (CV - 25.6%) confirm the plasticity of this species during cultivation in the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan. The prevalence of elevated (CV - 21-30%) and high (СV-31 - 40%) levels of variability according to the parameters of diameter and length of the crown was determined by the nature and degree of variation of the morphological features of the studied taxons. The high variability of the crown characteristics of Canadian, Siberian, Siberian of bluish form, Chinese and Korean spruces. The proportion of the crown length of these taxons was from 52.2 to 93.5%. The most uniform indices of crown diameters were found in Blue spruce and Blue spruce blue form, which are characterized by an average variability (CV - 12.2 and 17.4%, respectively).