The influence of wolves (Canis lupus) on the Saiga tatarica population on the territory of the «Altyn Dala» State Nature Reserve

Abstract

Background and Aim. The Saiga tatarica is a unique animal found in the steppes of Central Asia. The impact of predators on the saiga population can be significant. The main purpose of the study is to identify the influence of predatory animals on the saiga population on the territory of the «Altyn Dala» State Nature Reserve.
Materials and methods. The research was conducted on the territory of the «Altyn Dala» State Nature Reserve in the period from 2022 to 2023. The research is aimed at identifying the impact of predators on saiga populations. In our research work, methods such as satellite surveillance, radio labeling and installation of solar cells were used.
Results. The influence of wolves on the saiga population varies depending on the season. In winter, due to lack of food and adverse weather conditions, saigas weaken and become easy prey for predators. According to the results of the winter route accounting in 2024, the number of saigas in the «Altyn Dala» reserve amounted to 59,657 heads, according to the results of the spring accounting in 2024, the number of saigas in the reserve amounted to 55,117 heads. To protect saigas from wolves, various protective measures are carried out in the «Altyn Dala» Reserve. These include activities such as monitoring, habitat conservation and population management, population regulation and protection from predators.

Conclusion. Hunting of saigas by wolves is one of the most important factors affecting the reduction of the saiga population. Habitat protection and restriction of saiga hunting, as well as regulation of the number of wolves, are important conditions for the conservation of the saiga population. Studies of the influence of wolves on saiga populations show that they play an important role in maintaining natural balance.