IDENTIFICATION OF ECTOMYCORRHIZA PINUS SYLVESTRIS L. IN THE STATE FOREST NATURAL RESERVE "ERTIS ORMANY" BY VARIOUS METHODS

Abstract

The article deals with the identification of ectomycorrhiza of Scots pine by various methods in the conditions of ribbon forests of the Irtysh region. The object of research was the forest plantations of the state forest natural reserve "Ertis Ormany". Route and stationary methods were used to conduct research. Trial areas were laid mainly in pure pine plantations, sometimes with an admixture of birch or aspen. To identify the collected fruit bodies, the available resources "Indexfungorum" were used, as well as the determinants of standard fungi "Mycobank", "Color Atlas of Ectomycorrhizas", etc. When it was difficult to identify individual species, identification was carried out by establishing DNA.
The DNA of the collected macrcomycetes was established using the collection of the standard identifier "Quiagen". The determination of common and specific taxa of ectomycorrhizal fungi was carried out using the BlastN algorithm, by comparison with the list of the Genbank open data fund. Indicating the lower limit of fungi for ITS zone, taking into account the ribosomal genes of fungal DNA, the results showed a 97-98% compliance. Based on the research results, 24 species of macromycetes were identified on the territory of the forest nature reserve. In domestic studies, it has been shown that there is very little information about the diversity of the mycobiota of coniferous trees and their mycorrhizal associations.
In this regard, the research work carried out in 2021-2023 in the Ertis Ormany Reserve included forest ecosystems where pine grows and a variety of mycorrhizal fungi was identified and described using modern methods.
All identified ectomycorrhizae of fungi are actively involved in metabolism, contribute to the sustainable development of pine plantations in the arid conditions of the Irtysh region, characterized by low air temperature in winter.