FEATURES OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF CULTURING HYBRIDS OF CORN FOR GRAIN IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTH-EAST OF KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

Grain corn is more demanding on cultivation conditions than other grain crops. Its area of distribution is much narrower than that of cereal crops, which predetermines, in comparison with them, a greater dependence of the domestic regional market of corn grain on the development of not only interregional, but also interstate relations. The local nature of the cultivation of corn for grain necessitates the maximum concentration of its crops in regions that are most favorable in terms of soil and climatic conditions. The importance and unresolved many organizational and economic issues of reliable supply of the country's needs with corn grain in the face of a sharp drop in its production increase the importance of comprehensive research on the effective functioning of the corn industry. Our goal is to develop technologies for growing, transferring and adapting high-yielding crops that provide a bountiful harvest in the soil and climatic conditions of the region. At the experimental demonstration site of the Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Crop Production, 2 experiments were carried out on corn cultivation technologies. The article presents new technologies for the cultivation of corn hybrids for grain in the conditions of the south-east of Kazakhstan and the study of the best varieties and hybrids of mid-ripening, mid-late and late ripening groups of five countries: selection of France, Moldova, Ukraine and Kazakhstan. The grain yield under the usual traditional cultivation technology was 120.2 c/ha for the Porumben 458MV hybrid, and 130.0 c/ha with zero irrigation but sprinkler irrigation. The grain yield under traditional cultivation technology was 150.0 c/ha for the LG 305.00 hybrid, and 160.0 c/ha with zero irrigation but sprinkler irrigation. According to the results of our research, the highest yield was 160.0 t/ha for the hybrid LG 30500 in the variant grown on sprinkling irrigation using No-Till technology.