INFLUENCE OF ELEMENTS OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY AND BIOMETRIC INDICATORS ON THE FORMATION OF PRODUCTIVITY OF SOYBEAN VARIETIES OF DIFFERENT ORIGINS

Abstract

Photosynthesis, during which organic compounds are formed, determines the productivity of plants. It is well known that the structural organization of the photosynthetic apparatus is capable of self-regulation and adaptive rearrangements by changing environmental conditions. The purpose of the research was to study the features of the photosynthetic activity of soybean varieties of various origins in the arid conditions of Northern Kazakhstan. The studies were carried out according to generally accepted research methods. The studies revealed that at the beginning of the growing season, the increase in biomass is slow, then the growth rate increases and the maximum values of photosynthetic activity and biometric indicators are noted in the second half of the development of the culture. This trend is observed in all studied soybean varieties, in various gradations. This is primarily due to meteorological conditions, which (lack of precipitation and high-temperature background) strongly influenced growth processes, especially in the first half of the growing season. The hydrothermal coefficient in the development phase of soybean varieties varied from 0.4 to 0.7, significantly influencing the formation of photosynthetic activity elements and biometric indicators of the studied soybean varieties.