MOLECULAR GENETIC ANALYSIS OF CARP

Abstract

Studies of fish populations at the molecular genetic level in our country are at the initial stage. The database being formed on nuclear microsatellite DNA markers
of valuable fish species as a result of the project will present data on the genetic polymorphism of fish and the possibility of creating new biotechnological approaches
for their artificial reproduction. In order to conduct a molecular genetic study, samples of the carp planting material of the Karaganda fish nursery were taken.
Samples were taken in vivo, a fragment of the fin was cut off, then preservation in 96% ethyl alcohol. Studies have been conducted to study the allelic polymorphism of
microsatellite loci of carp. From the tested microsatellite primers, the following five pairs were identified as polymorphic: Ca 30, Koi 49-50, Koi 75-76, Hlj1080,
Hlj1123. Oligonucleotide primers were analyzed and selected to study the genetic diversity of carp. DNA was isolated and purified from the fish-planting material of
the carp of the Karaganda fish nursery; the quality of which was checked by electrophoresis in agarose gel. As a result, a panel of polymorphic loci for genetic analysis of carp was identified, the sizes and frequency of occurrence of microsatellite alleles were determined. As a result of comparing the technical and economic level of the research performed with the best achievements in this field, it was found that the study of the gene pool of economically significant fish species using molecular genetic methods is one of the important tasks of the development of fisheries. Based on the analysis of DNA sequence, allelic polymorphism of microsatellite loci, it is possible to study the genetic structure of populations and
promote the development of artificial fish breeding in aquaculture.