INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER FROM POULTRY MANURE ON THE NUMBER OF SOIL MICROORGANISMS IN THE RHISOSPHERE OF OIL FLAX

Abstract

The article presents the results of a study of the microbiological properties of soils when applying various doses of organic fertilizer based on bird droppings.  Organic fertilizer has influenced the number of microorganisms in the soil, changing the ratio of individual groups involved in soil-forming processes. The predominance of proteolytic bacteria assimilating organic forms of nitrogen, compared with amylolytic bacteria using mineral forms of nitrogen, was noted. This indicates a decrease in the consumption of mineral forms of nitrogen and increased decomposition of organic substances. High doses of organic fertilizer (10-15 t/ha) contribute to the reproduction of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. During the flowering-budding phase, mycelial fungi grew in the rhizosphere of oilseed flax, when the plant is especially vulnerable to various types of diseases, and during the full maturation phase, active growth of cellulose-destroying actinomycetes occurs. When exposed to the optimal amount of nutrients from organic fertilizer, many biochemical and physiological processes in microorganisms are regulated. The abundance of microorganisms contributes to an increase in the biological activity of the soil, which is favorable for preserving natural fertility and reducing the negative impact of adverse factors on the agroecosystem.