PROBLEMS OF FORAGE PRODUCTION IN NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN AND WAYS TO OVERCOME THE CRISIS

Abstract

The article focused on the problem of fodder production in the Republic of Kazakhstan, in particular Northern Kazakhstan. The main problem of this branch of agriculture is the violation of the basic principles of livestock development. Deviation of fodder production from the zootechnical consumption rate, as well as fodder harvesting in the main natural lands (hayfields, pastures) led to low productivity and mass loss of livestock (farm animals) in some regions. According to experts' forecasts, scientifically unfounded work in agriculture, especially in animal husbandry, fodder production will lead not only to the loss of livestock (farm animals), but also to economic instability in the welfare of the rural population. The way out of this crisis is the development of scientifically based fodder production, it is especially necessary to develop fodder crops based on perennial grasses. Today this direction is not developed even in Northern Kazakhstan. In the region under consideration, agricultural enterprises give preference to annual Sudanese grass, as well as corn. The developed new varieties of perennial cereal grasses (crops) in agrarian research centers show good results, among them wheatgrass and awnless brome can be emphasized. To ensure the normal development of fodder production, as well as to increase the productivity of livestock (animals), it is necessary to introduce perennial cereal crops into production. In this article, attention is also paid to the features of the developed varieties of wheatgrass «Burabay» and rump «Akmolinskiy izumrudnyy» of the KDC «Shortandy» (RPCGF), agrotechnical features of sowing small-seeded fodder crops, an approximate technological scheme for sowing awnless rump for fodder is proposed.