PROMISING BREEDING MATERIAL OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT

Abstract

To increase the yield of wheat in the conditions of the sharply continental climate of Northern Kazakhstan, it is necessary in breeding programs to focus the attention of breeders on the creation of competitive varieties resistant to limiting environmental factors. The purpose of the study was to select a promising breeding material of spring soft wheat, characterized by high productivity, good commodity quality indicators for transfer to the State variety testing. The research methodology is generally accepted in breeding programs. Phenological observations (seedlings, earing, ripening), drought resistance, lodging resistance were carried out in accordance with the methodology of variety testing of agricultural plants of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Commodity classification of grain varieties was carried out on the basis of the requirements of the national standard STRK 1046-2008, baking quality was determined on the basis of classification standards. Screening of breeding material (20 lines of spring soft wheat) was carried out on the experimental fields of LLP «Scientific Production Center of Grain Farming named after A.I. Barayev» in 2020-2022. For three years of research, out of 20 lines of spring soft wheat, 7 lines were identified that significantly exceeded the standards in terms of yield: 342/08; 233/10; 241/14; 189/14; 182/14; 143/09 and 83/05. According to the grain quality indicators, 2 lines were identified, which,
according to the classification standards, belong to strong wheats: 342/08 and 143/09. Based on a complex of economically valuable traits, 2 promising lines were selected: 342/08 and 143/09, which are recommended for transfer to the State Variety Test.