IDENTIFICATION OF GENES THAT DETERMINE THE RESISTANCE OF WHEAT TO PATHOGENIC FUNGI

Abstract

The author of the article proves on the basis of the actual research that the presence of wheat resistance genes to pathogenic fungi is a key factor for use in breeding work. The article presents the results of identification of wheat genes Sr32, Bt9 and Bt10 responsible for resistance to pathogenic fungi that cause diseases of stem rust, as well as hard smut. According to the results of the study, varieties were identified that carry both positive and negative results for the presence of resistance genes, based on which it can be concluded about the effectiveness of further use of these varieties in breeding. 8 varieties and hybrids of wheat were found: Norman, Baiterek, Baiterek-Peachum, Lavina, Quadro-Pirotrix, Pirotrix, Amigo, Akmola, which contain all three resistance genes: Sr32, Bt9 and Bt10, which provide the manifestation of the plant's resistance to diseases such as stem rust and hard smut. These varieties can be recommended for further breeding, as well as planting by agricultural enterprises of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The identification of resistance genes was carried out by the molecular genetic method, PCR on the basis of gene sites and the selection of specific primers for them.