СОВРЕМЕННЫЙ ПОДХОД ПРИ ВНУТРИХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОМ ЗЕМЛЕУСТРОЙСТВЕ АГРОФОРМИРОВАНИЙ

Abstract

The main objective of this research is to improve the intraeconomic land management based on the landscape approach. To conduct research, typical objects of North Kazakhstan were chosen. The research was based on the principles of a systematic approach, and therefore the land use of a particular agricultural enterprise is presented in the form of a set of landscape systems of different rank. In analyzing the landscape conditions of land use, the main natural and anthropogenic components of the landscape were identified, which are part of the field anthropogenic systems. Landscape mapping was carried out on the basis of studying the morphological and paradynamic structures of the natural landscape. Erosion processes and large-scale landscape maps-hypotheses have been mapped for the territory of selected land management using graphic modeling and geoinformation technologies. The main objective of the agroecological assessment of the territory of the agricultural enterprise was to allocate plots homogeneous by
natural factors and the degree of environmental disturbances in order to determine the types of their economic use. During the research was developed a procedure for the allocation of landscape microzones and identified the features of the organization of agricultural lands and the arrangement of arable land based on the landscape approach. Based on the assessment of landscape conditions and the agroecological state of the territory, agrolandscape microzoning of the territory is carried out. It was conducted using the method of grouping data with the integration of landscape units into functional microzones. On the territory of farms
in Northern Kazakhstan, it is proposed to allocate the following agrarian landscape microzones: environment related (complete or partial conservation), with special use regimes, restoration of agricultural potential, field landscapes, meadow and pasture landscapes. Using graphical modeling have been developed land management projects on the basis of landscaping on the territory of typical objects. The main objective of the project was the environmentally sound spatial location of the elements of the agrolandscape. At the same time in determining their rational configuration technological requirements were also taken into
account. In the reasoning the pilot project, the positive effect of agro-landscape organization of the territory was determined. The ecological relevance of the project of agrolandscape land management is that when organizing the territory the anthropogenic elements of the project and the structure of the landscape are compatible.