Wild populations of sainfoin (Onobrychis arenaria) are the source material for breeding

Abstract

Baskground and Aim. The results of the study of wild populations of sandy sainfoin (Onobrychis arenaria) are presented. The potential of these populations as source material for developing new varieties is demonstrated to improve traits of particular importance in extreme continental climates: increased winter hardiness and drought resistance, good foliage, stable productivity, and nutritional value.
Materials and Methods. Weather conditions during the experimental yearsin terms of moisture and temperature conditions are presented. Phenological observations, registration of the main phases of plant development, assess-ment of biological mowing mass, dry matter yield and seed productivity were carried out in the field.
Results. Laboratory analyses of crude protein and fiber levels are presented. Over the years, 4 high-yielding sainfoin samples with a green mass productivity level of 537,0-564,2 g/m² have been identified from 16 wild-growing samples. The maximum dry matter yield was 128-2922-07,
123-2955-40, 125-2950-35, 129-2945-30, 119-2000-01 and 126-2941-26. 5 wild-growing samples were distinguished by high seed productivity. In terms of a set of indicators (high productivity of green mass, dry matter and seeds), 119-2000-01, 126-2941-26 and 129-2945-30 were the best.
Conclusion. Samples of the sainfoin t with both individual and complex positive features and properties were identified. The most valuable samples of the sainfoin are involved in the selection process as starting material. The results can be applied in breeding, feed production, and gene pool conservation.