Screening of viral infection and formation of a collection of virus-free varieties and breeding samples of potatoes with different colors of tuber pulp

Abstract

Abstract

Background and Aim. Potatoes are one of the most important food crops, but their yield and quality are significantly reduced under the influence of viral diseases. The most common potato viruses accumulate in tubers, which makes their control difficult and requires the development of effective methods for improving the planting material. The purpose of the work was to create a collection of virus-free potato varieties and hybrids of domestic and foreign breeding.

Materials and Methods. The diagnosis of virus transmission was carried out by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) format to detect potato X-virus (PVX), potato Y-virus (PVY), potato S-virus (PVS), potato M-virus (PVM). Samples with negative ELISA results were used for in vitro culture and subsequent microclonal propagation. To obtain an aseptic culture, a multi-stage sterilization of plant material was used.

Novelty. A virus-free collection of potato varieties and breeding samples that showed negative ELISA results for the viruses tested was established. The obtained material provides a basis for further sanitation, micropropagation, and production of virus-free planting material, including minitubers.

Results. The presence of four major potato viruses in the potato varieties and hybrids studied was detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and virus-free samples were selected. Different levels of viral infection were found in the studied material. Virus-free samples of the Olyushka, Babaev, Esil, and Silk Rose varieties were introduced into in vitro culture and planted in a greenhouse for subsequent propagation and production of virus-free potato seed material.