Responsiveness of the awned soft wheat variety “Taymas” to mineral fertilizers

Abstract

Abstract
Background and Aim. The main factors limiting crop yield are soil moisture deficit and insufficient nutrient availability. Their regulation through the application of mineral fertilizers and the introduction of highly productive, drought-resistant domestic varieties is the only way to obtain consistently high and high-quality yields under limited moisture conditions, while preserving soil fertility, conserving soil moisture, and intensifying crop production. The purpose of this study was to investigate the
responsiveness of the new awned spring bread wheat variety “Taimas” to the application of mineral fertilizers in order to develop variety-specific cultivation technology adapted to the steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan.
Materials and Methods. The studies were conducted in 2025 at the “A.I. Baraev Research and Production Center for Grain Farming” LLP on southern carbonate light clayey chernozem soils.
The field experiments were arranged in three replications with the creation of seven levels of supply with the main nutrients. The object of the study was the awned medium-maturing soft wheat variety “Taimas.” Subspecies – Eritrospermum. The subject of the study was fertilizer responsiveness and the characteristics of mineral nutrition.
Results. The research results showed that under natural (O) conditions, the average yield in 2025 was 23.8 c/ha. The application of fertilizers at a rate of P90 contributed to the formation of an optimal level of mineral nutrition, increasing yield up to 33.7 c/ha and resulting in a yield increaseof 9.9 c/ha compared to the control, which indicates a high responsiveness of the variety to fertilizers.
Depending on the nutrient background, yield formation in the “Taymas” variety was determined by the predominance of different structural components. The number of grains per spike (V = 13.4%) and their weight (V = 19.3%), in combination with productive tillering (r = 0.96), were the main structural components influencing yield formation.
Conclusion. he obtained results made it possible to identify the variety’s requirements for soil nutrient availability and the role of structural elements in yield formation.