SCREENING OF THE KAZAKHSTAN SAMPLES OF WINTER WHEAT FOR RESISTANCE TO COMMON BUNT (TILLETIA CARIES (DC) TUL.)
Keywords:
wheat, phytopathological assessment, common bunt, Tilletia caries, effective genes, resistant varieties, organic farming, structural analysis, infectious background.Abstract
The main criterion for the food security of the state is the creation of highly productive and resistant wheat varieties. Annually cereals sown about 15.5 million hectares in the Republic of Kazakhstan and about 17-18 million tons of grain are produced, of which about 8 million tons are exported to Europe, the Middle East and Arab countries. To ensure food security, it is necessary to increase genetic resistance to pests and diseases, as well as adaptation to climate change combined with improved agronomic practices. One of the most devastating diseases of wheat in the world is common bunt. Many Kazakhstan wheat varieties, which have a stable yield, high quality of grain and ecological plasticity, greatly affected by the diseases on the infectious background. This can lead to large losses in the agrarian sector in the case of the emergence of epiphytotic. The article analyzes the structural analysis and of the phytopathological assessment of 78 Kazakhstan varieties. Because of research of resistance to solid smut and a complex of
economically valuable traits, distinguish cultivars Karasay, Sultan-2 and Matai. These cultivars can be used as sustainability donors in breeding programs.
