Development of a recirculating aquaculture system for the cultivation of the Australian red-claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus)

Abstract

Background and Aim. The Australian red-claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) is a promising species for aquaculture due to its high reproductive capacity and adaptability. However, traditional fish farming systems do not account for the specific biological needs of crayfish, which reduces cultivation efficiency. The aim of this study is to develop a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) to optimize conditions for intensive crayfish cultivation, increase bioproductivity, and reduce resource consumption.

Materials and Methods. The system comprises a metal frame with multi-tiered polypropylene trays (height 12–20 cm, water depth 6–14 cm), a water supply and drainage system with adjustable fittings, a mechanical drum filter, a coil-type biological filter with a water reservoir, a UV lamp for bactericidal treatment, and an aerator.

Results. Water supply and purification were adjusted step-by-step to minimize operating costs. The system increased bioproductivity by 25–50% at a stocking density of 40–60 individual/m² by expanding the number of tiers from 3–4 to 5–6. Water consumption was reduced by 22–67% (from 180 to 60–140 L/m² of tray).

Conclusion. Modernization of the recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) and optimization of water treatment reduced electricity and water consumption and improved operational performance. Tray sectioning helped decrease cannibalism, while stable water quality was maintained through mechanical, biological, and UV filtration. The developed RAS enables cost-effective and environmentally sustainable crayfish production, overcoming seasonality. The system can also be adapted for other crustacean species, contributing to the sustainable development of aquaculture.