THE RELATIONSHIP OF YIELD AND WEIGHT OF 1000 KERNELS OF PROMISING LINES OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT IN THE CONDITIONS OF AKMOLA REGION

Abstract

Wheat is one of the main food crops in the country. The yield of wheat is one of the problems in Northern Kazakhstan, to solve it is the creation and introduction into production of new high-yielding varieties. The studies were carried out in accordance with the methodology of the State variety testing of agricultural plants of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The mass of 1000 grains were determined according to GOST 10842 - 89. A.I. Baraev" of the laboratory of spring soft wheat breeding. The article shows the results of research for 2021-2022 of nursery lines of competitive variety testing of spring soft wheat. According to the data obtained, the lines 181/14, 3/14, 166/14, 256/14 significantly exceeded the standard varieties in yield on average over two years of study and differed by maturity groups. An assessment of the relationship of spring soft wheat lines between the growing season, yield and weight of 1000 seeds was carried out. The article presents tables with economically valuable features of wheat lines. It was revealed that the correlation of yield with the growing season in 2021 was significantly at the 5% level and amounted to (r = 0.76), the correlation between yield and the weight of 1000 seeds was weakly positive (r = 0.22). In 2022, the correlation of traits was positively not significant, which is the case when selecting lines, the same must be taken into account. The variations of features and correlations between the studied components have been established. The analysis showed the degree of influence of the relationship between the yield and the weight of 1000 seeds, which allows for more purposeful selection in the breeding process. The selected lines will be used as the source material.