FEATURES OF POLYMORPHISM OF GROWTH HORMONE GENES OF BULLS-PRODUCERS OF DIFFERENT GENOTYPES OF MEAT BREEDS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47100/herald.v1i2.36Keywords:
beef cattle, reproduction, producer bull, DNA, somatotropin (GH) gene, calpain gene (CAPN1), polymorphism, meat productivity, livestock selection.Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of the polymorphism of GH, CAPN1 genes in bulls of different genotypes of meat breeds. The growth hormone gene, samototropin (GH) and calpain (CAPN1), is considered as positional and functional candidate marbling candidates for meat. In our studies, the frequency distribution of the genotype was GHLL - 44.9; 22.2; 56.2; on CAPN1GG, 89.44; 78.54; 78.15%. Among the Hereford breed, the number of animals with the required genotypes for GHVV was 16.67% and was not found in the Aberdeen-Angus and Kazakh white-headed breeds, according to CAPN1СС - 5.26; 4.76; 6.25%, respectively.An analysis of heterozygous levels of
somatotropin and calpainin genes based on their actual and theoretically predicted distribution of genotypes confirms that homo and heterozygous levels are different.
So, the theoretically predicted heterozygous share of the meat direction of Hereford, Aberdeen Angus and Kazakh white-headed bulls GH is 89.02; 24.35 and 52.25%, for CAPN1-17.02; 29.23 and 31.96%: The heterozygous test for GH was -25.38; +4.22 and +25.53, for CAPN1: -11.47; -9.23 and -13.44. The polymorphic levels of the studied herds of bulls and the number of effective alleles of bulls of
meat direction are different. It was found that a high frequency of occurrence (0.36) of the V allele, which is preferable for breeding, at the GH gene locus is typical for Hereford bulls, less often (0.11-0.22) this allele was present in Aberdeen-Angus and Kazakh white-headed bulls. Polymorphism of the CAPN1 gene is represented by C and G alleles with a relatively identical frequency of occurrence (0.13-0.14) of the desired allele of the Breeding sires of Aberdeen-Angus and Kazakh white-headed breeds and very low (0.08) in Hereford. It is concluded that the wide involvement of bulls-carriers of carriers of the desired alleles in the breeding process will
contribute to their rapid accumulation in herds and increase the economic efficiency of breeding.
