Economic and legal impact of customs methods on the export potential of organic products from the Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract

Background and Aim. The development of organic product exports in Kazakhstan faces a number of institutional and procedural barriers, including low levels of digitalization, duplicative customs procedures, and lack of recognition for national certification. The objective of the study is to analyze the economic and legal impact of customs methods on the export of organic products from the Republic of Kazakhstan and to develop proposals to address the identified issues. Materials and Methods. The study applied structural analysis, comparative legal methods, and content analysis of normative documents and strategic sources. Comparison with the practices of the European Union and China helped to identify key differences and barriers in Kazakhstan's export procedures.

Results. It was found that the fragmented certification system, bureaucratic duplication, and low level of digitalization significantly increase costs and reduce the competitiveness of Kazakhstan’s organic products. The absence of a “single window” system and a specialized logistics infrastructure leads to longer delivery times and lower product quality.

Conclusion. Institutional transformation of the export model is necessary: implementing a “single window” system, digitalizing all stages of export processing, harmonizing certification standards with international ones, and developing infrastructure for organic logistics. These measures will improve export efficiency and strengthen Kazakhstan’s position in international markets.