ANALYSIS OF SOURCE MATERIAL TO FORM A GENE POOL FOR BREEDING SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS RESISTANT TO SULFONYLUREA AND IMIDAZOLE HERBICIDES

sunflower; parental forms; pollination; herbicide resistance; imidazolinone class; sulfonylurea class;hybrid.

Abstract

Weeds, like cultivated plants, consume water from the soil, extract nutrients from the soil, fertilizers; compete with sunflower plants and hinder their growth. It is impossible to get a good harvest if you do not carry out weed control measures. More than 20 species of weeds are known to grow on sunflower crops. In case of their untimely liquidation and in case of unclean maintenance of the sown area, the amount of damage can reach 40%.The use of agrotechnical and chemical methods of weed control are the main measures of the protection system. Another way to solve this problem is to introduce herbicide-resistant hybrids. Similar studies around the world began in 1996. “Oilseed Experimental Farm “Limited Liability Partnership (LLP)has been conducting research in this direction since 2015. As a result of the research, 3 sunflower hybrids (Baikonur, Baiterek-S, Baikonur 22) are followed by state variety testing.The hybrids are characterized by resistance to herbicides, short growing seasons and high oil content.A gene pool of paternal and maternal lines has been formed, which have the main economically valuable traits, are resistant to the main sunflower diseases and the effects of herbicides.