INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN NUTRITION INTENSIFICATION ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF SPRING TRITICALE IN CONDITIONS OF NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN

nitrogen fertilizer; soil; fallow; stubble; traditional farming; mineral fertilizers; spring triticale.

Abstract

The article presents data on the study of the impact of agricultural intensification on the productivity of spring triticale, a new crop for Northern Kazakhstan. The issues of intensification of agriculture, in particular, the increase in the use of nitrogen fertilizers, are considered. The article presents the results of 4 years of research (2018-2021), the purpose of which was to study the effect of various levels of nitrogen nutrition on the growth, development and productivity of spring triticale. The grain crop was cultivated on fallow and stubble.Ammonium nitrate was applied during sowing in the rows by 4 doses in increments of 20 kg/ha (N20-80). The experiments were carried out in "Scientific-Production Center of Grain Farming named after A.I. Barayev" LLP on southern carbonate chernozem. During the study period, only 2018 was characterized by a wet growing season, and the following three years (2019 2021) were dry. The reserves of productive moisture in the meter layer of soil before sowing were satisfactory on average for four years and were-127 mm on fallow, 115 mm on stubble. N-NO3 content in the soil before sowing (in the 0-40 cm layer) was evaluated as high (22 mg/kg for fallow and 11 mg/kg for stubble). Amount of P2O5 before sowing in the 0-20 cm layer regardless of the predecessor corresponded to the elevated provision and ranged between 31-34 mg/kg of soil. Stable influence of different doses of ammonium nitrate on biometric indicators and yield of triticale during the study period was not found. With an increased and high level of availability of N-NO3 before sowing spring triticale, no increase was obtained from the introduction of ammonium nitrate, with a lower content, the dose of nitrogen fertilizer should not exceed 20 kg/ha of the active substance.