ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF THE INTRODUCTION OF INVERTEBRATE FEED FOR FISH INTO LAKE ZHAYSAN AND THE BUKTYRMA RESERVOIR

Abstract

Today, the trend of reducing the fish productivity of the country's fisheries
reservoirs is being monitored and the "Concepts for the transition of the Republic
of Kazakhstan to a "green economy" fit into the priorities of the "Concept for the
transition of the Republic of Kazakhstan to a "green economy". In the conditions
of Kazakhstan, which has no access to the World Ocean, ensuring food and food
security requires the use of existing reservoirs to the maximum in terms of
obtaining bioproducts, which is impossible without conducting in-depth studies of
the possibilities of increasing the fish productivity of reservoirs due to the
introduction of invertebrate feed for fish.
The article presents the results of the introduction of benthic invertebrates
for fish, which was carried out in the 60-70s of the last century at the Buktyrma
reservoir and Lake Zhaysan. It is shown that the maximum positive effect was
given by measures for the introduction of glacial Sea and Ponto-Caspian mysids
and Baikal gammaruses, data on changes in the stocks of mysids and gammaruses
in Lake Zhaysan and the Buktyrma reservoir in the period from 1973 to 2019. It is
shown that these invertebrates create a significant share in the total reserves of
macrozoobenthos. The introduction of mysids and gammaruses did not cause
damage to the native benthic fauna, because the settlers occupied biotopes that
were poorly populated by local invertebrates. After successful acclimatization, the
total benthic biomass in the reservoir as a whole increased by about 2 times, while
native species not only did not decrease, but even increased their numbers and
biomass
It is concluded that, despite the introduction of random species, the results of
acclimatization of invertebrates forage for fish in Lake Zhaysan and the Buktyrma
reservoir should be recognized as positive. And today, invertebrates forage for fish
can also be recommended to the order.