PRODUCTIVE AND BREEDING QUALITIES OF GEREFORD AND ABERDIN-ANGUS BREEDS OF CATTLE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE AKMOLA REGION

Abstract

This article briefly describes the animals of Hereford and Aberdeen Angus breeds, which are differed by their endurance, unpretentiousness and good health. They are perfectly acclimatized to different conditions, they can well endure even frosty weather. However, cows of these breeds do not endure moisture and drafts. Therefore, when they are kept indoors, it is important to take care of its cleanliness, dryness and absence of cracks. The article also considers the status of beef cattle breeding in Kazakhstan, the use of valuable genetic potential of introduced animals of Hereford and Aberdeen Angus breeds, improving of breeding and productive properties, improving the quality, quantity of products in various natural and climatic conditions of Kazakhstan. There was given a brief description of imported cattle of Hereford and Aberdeen Angus breeds, their advantages and disadvantages in breeding in the Northern Kazakhstan zone, the dynamics of live weight of small bulls and heifers in different age periods, an estimation of the exterior of youngsters at the age of 18 months and cows of first, second and third calving with
the help of taking body measurements and calculating body indices. The results of research showed that the bulls of the Hereford breed at the age of 18 months weighed 418.0 kg, the heifers 342.0 kg, the bulls and heifers of the Aberdeen Angus breeds, respectively, 427 kg and 361 kg. According to the live weight, bulls and heifers of both breeds at the age of 18 months corresponded to requirement of the 1st class standard of bonito rating.Bulls and heifers of the Aberdeen Angus breed have higher body
measurements than those of Hereford breed. Bulls and heifers of the Hereford breed had higher parameters in body build indexes: thoracic, bony and yielded by indices of elongation and longness. This indicates a better expression of meat forms in bull-calves, as well as the positive effect of keeping and feeding conditions for development of the Hereford and Aberdeen Angus breeds
youngsters grown for meat. The results of research have established that, in general, the cattle population of the Hereford and Aberdeen Angus breeds are relatively well adapted in the Akmola region of Kazakhstan, but with the adaptation of imported animals, a partial decrease in the class and live weight characteristics occurs with time